in old Hollywood
Citations

“25 Fabulous Photos of Anna May Wong Taken by Carl Van Vechten in the Early 1930s.” 25 Fabulous Photos of Anna May Wong Taken by Carl Van Vechten in the Early 1930s ~, 17 Oct. 2019, https://www.vintag.es/2019/10/anna-may-wong.html.
Alexander, Kerri Lee. “Anna May Wong.” Women History, 2018, https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/anna-may-wong.
“Archival Treasures: Miyoshi Umeki, First Asian Woman to Win Oscar: Ucla Film & Television Archive.” Archival Treasures: Miyoshi Umeki, First Asian Woman to Win Oscar | UCLA Film & Television Archive, 8 May 2021, https://www.cinema.ucla.edu/blogs/archive-blog/2021/05/08/archival-treasures-miyoshi-umeki.
Blakemore, Erin. “The Asian American 'Model Minority' Myth Masks a History of Discrimination.” Culture, National Geographic, 3 Nov. 2021, https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/asian-american-model-minority-myth-masks-history-discrimination.
Buscher, Rob. “The Untold Story of Asian Americans in Early Hollywood.” Pacific Citizen, 24 Aug. 2017, https://www.pacificcitizen.org/the-untold-story-of-asian-americans-in-early-hollywood/.
Buscher, Rob. “The Untold Story of Asian Americans in Early Hollywood.” Pacific Citizen, National Newspaper of the JACL, 18 Aug. 2017, https://www.pacificcitizen.org/the-untold-story-of-asian-americans-in-early-hollywood/.
Creef, Elena Tajima. “Childhood Reflections from a Shattered Mirror: Looking for Images of Strong Asian Women.” Counterpoints, vol. 169, 2002, pp. 32–37. Jstor, https://www.jstor.org/stable/42977470. Accessed 2022.
Chang, Gordon H., et al. “I Am Growing More Chinese- Each Passing Year.” Chinese American Voices: From the Gold Rush to the Present, 1st ed., vol. 1, University of California Press, Berkeley, CA, 2012, pp. 177–182.
Chung, Hye Seung, and Hye Seung Chung. “3 BETWEEN YELLOWPHILIA AND YELLOWPHOBIA: Asian American Romance in Oriental Detective Films.” Hollywood Asian: Philip Ahn and the Politics of Cross-Ethnic Performance, Temple University Press, Philadelphia, 2006, pp. 59–86, https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt14bt0cc.7. Accessed 2022.
“Chinese Immigrants and the Gold Rush.” PBS, Public Broadcasting Service, https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/goldrush-chinese-immigrants/.
Docs. “The Motion Picture Production Code of 1930 (Hays Code).” Joseph Smith Foundation, 19 June 2022, https://josephsmithfoundation.org/docs/the-motion-picture-production-code-of-1930-hays-code/.
Gates, Philippa. “Yellow Peril, Protest, and an Orientalist Gaze: Hollywood’s Constructions of Chinese/Americans” Criminalization/Assimilation: Chinese/ Americans and Chinatowns in Classical Hollywood Films, 2019, pp. 18–50. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvscxs38.4. Accessed 2022.
History.com Editors. “Ellis Island.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 27 Oct. 2009, https://www.history.com/topics/immigration/ellis-island.
History.com Editors. “U.S. Immigration since 1965.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 5 Mar. 2010, https://www.history.com/topics/immigration/us-immigration-since-1965.
History.com Staff. “Chinese Exclusion Act.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 24 Aug. 2018, https://www.history.com/topics/immigration/chinese-exclusion-act-1882.
Hunter, Brittany. “America's Tragic History of Discrimination against Asian-Americans.” Pacific Legal Foundation, 29 Apr. 2021, https://pacificlegal.org/americas-history-of-asian-discrimination/.
Johnson, Laura (Laura Renee). “Asian and Asian American Representations in American Film.” WWU Honors Program Senior Projects, 2004, https://cedar.wwu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1210&context=wwu_honors.
Karlamangla, Soumya. “Anna May Wong Will Be the First Asian American on U.S. Currency.” The New York Times, The New York Times, 18 Oct. 2022, https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/18/us/anna-may-wong-quarter.html.
Kariisa, Jessica. “She Fought Racism in Early Hollywood. Now She'll Be the First Asian American on US Currency.” KQED, 16 Sept. 1970, https://www.kqed.org/news/11925613/she-fought-racism-in-early-hollywood-now-shell-be-the-first-asian-american-on-us-currency.
Leon, Adrian De. “The Long History of Racism against Asian Americans in the U.S.” PBS, Public Broadcasting Service, 9 Apr. 2020, https://www.pbs.org/newshour/nation/the-long-history-of-racism-against-asian-americans-in-the-u-s.
Li, Shirley. “Why Did Miyoshi Umeki, the Only Asian Actress to Ever Win an Oscar, Destroy Her Trophy?” EW.com, 22 Feb. 2018, https://ew.com/oscars/2018/02/22/miyoshi-umeki-sayonara-oscars-profile/.
“Lili Hua.” My Family History, https://chrisroughan.webs.com/lilihua.htm.
“Localhost.” HISTORY MATTERS - The U.S. Survey Course on the Web, http://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/5099/.
Mclellan, Dennis. “From the Archives: Miyoshi Umeki, 78; Japanese Singer and Actress Became First Asian to Win Academy Award.” Los Angeles Times, Los Angeles Times, 6 Sept. 2007, https://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/archives/la-me-miyoshi-umeki-20070906-snap-story.html.
Morgan, Thaddeus. “How Hollywood Cast White Actors in Caricatured Asian Roles.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 20 Aug. 2018, https://www.history.com/news/yellowface-whitewashing-in-film-america.
Morgan, Thaddeus. “How Hollywood Cast White Actors in Caricatured Asian Roles.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 20 Aug. 2018, https://www.history.com/news/yellowface-whitewashing-in-film-america.
Morgan, Thaddeus. “How Hollywood Cast White Actors in Caricatured Asian Roles.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 20 Aug. 2018, https://www.history.com/news/yellowface-whitewashing-in-film-america.
Nga, Thi (Tiana) Thanh. “THE LONG MARCH: From Wong to Woo: Asians in Hollywood.” Cinéaste, vol. 21, no. 4, 1995, pp. 38–40. Jstor, https://www.jstor.org/stable/41687420. Accessed 2022.
Paner, Isabel. “The Marginalization and Stereotyping of Asians in American Film.” Honors Theses, 2018, https://doi.org/10.33015/dominican.edu/2018.honors.st.08.
Parungao, Robert. “The Yellow Peril Chinese Representations in Hollywood Films.” The Atlas: UBC Undergraduate Journal of World History, 2005, https://ubcatlas.files.wordpress.com/2012/04/2005-parungao.pdf.
Raymond, Charles Nicholas. “Why Bruce Lee Made Only One Hollywood Movie.” ScreenRant, 4 Sept. 2020, https://screenrant.com/bruce-lee-enter-dragon-only-hollywood-movie/.
Rajgopal, Shoba Sharad. “‘The Daughter of Fu Manchu’: The Pedagogy of Deconstructing the Representation of Asian Women in Film and Fiction.” Meridians, vol. 10, no. 2, 2010, pp. 141–162. Jstor, https://doi.org/10.2979/meridians.2010.10.2.141. Accessed 2022.
Rotondi, Jessica Pearce. “Before the Chinese Exclusion Act, This Anti-Immigrant Law Targeted Asian Women.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 19 Mar. 2021, https://www.history.com/news/chinese-immigration-page-act-women.
Sinha, Babli. “A ‘Strangely Un-English Actress’: Race, Legibility, and the Films of Merle Oberon.” Journal of Popular Film and Television, vol. 44, no. 4, 13 Apr. 2016, pp. 220–226., https://doi.org/10.1080/01956051.2016.1195786.
Summers, Megan. “10 Pioneering Asian Actors from the Golden Age of Hollywood.” ScreenRant, 4 Mar. 2021, https://screenrant.com/best-pioneering-asian-movie-actors-golden-age-hollywood/.
Solomon, Lesley. “Japanese Exclusion and the American Labor Movement: 1900 to 1924.” Association for Asian Studies, 1 July 2020, https://www.asianstudies.org/publications/eaa/archives/japanese-exclusion-and-the-american-labor-movement-1900-to-1924/.
Stockman, Tom. “Luise Rainer as O-Lan in the Good Earth This Weekend at Webster University.” We Are Movie Geeks, 10 May 2016, https://www.wearemoviegeeks.com/2016/05/luise-rainer-o-lan-good-earth-weekend-webster-university/.
Tan, Bridget. “Movie Star Li Li-Hua Dies: Reports.” The Straits Times, 21 Mar. 2017, https://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/entertainment/movie-star-li-li-hua-dies-in-singapore-reports.
“U.S. Immigration Timeline.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 21 Dec. 2018, https://www.history.com/topics/immigration/immigration-united-states-timeline.
Yuen, Charissa. “Asian Americans in Hollywood: The Effects of 20th Century Stereotypes.” Intertrend Communications, https://www.intertrend.com/news/asian-americans-in-hollywood-the-effects-of-20th-century-stereotypes.